With the Four Species in hand, Jews recite a blessing and wave the species in six directions (east, south, west, north, up and down) to symbolize that God is everywhere. The four species are also held during the Hallel prayer.
Each day during Sukkot, there are special processions in synagogue around the Torah. The etrog and lulav are held during these processions. These processions, called hoshanas because during the procession a prayer with the refrain hoshana (please save us) is recited, commemorate similar processions around the altar of the ancient Temple in Jerusalem.

